dissenting.). Its much harder than you may think. The Mozambique Drill,[1] also known as the Failure Drill, or Failure to Stop drill and, informally, as "two to the body, one to the head,"[2][3] is a close-quarters shooting technique that requires the shooter to fire twice into the torso of a target (known as a double tap or hammered pair to the center of mass), and follow up with a more difficult head shot that, if properly placed, will instantaneously stop the target if the previous shots failed to do so. The Carter administration considered taking steps to stop Americans serving in Rhodesia, but this did not result in any policy changes. [16] The academic Kyle Burke has written that some anti-government paramilitary forces in the United States draw inspiration from the volunteers, and cite them as an example when encouraging violence against African Americans. The third shot should be aimed to destroy the brain or brain stem, killing the target and preventing the target from retaliating. Heads bob around erratically and the effective zone is relatively small. For simple evaluation purposes, position a target with a V1 and V2 zone 5 yards to your front. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Cooper_%28colonel%29. He told Cooper the story, and Cooper began to teach what he called the "Mozambique Drill" at Gunsite. |-- Archives FRELIMO was the dominant political party in Mozambique fighting for independence from Portugal. Military historians Paul L. Moorcraft and Peter McLaughlin believe the number was likely around 1,400, but have noted that estimates from other experts range as high as 2,000. It sought to attract more white immigrants to the country, but from 1973 onwards the white population decreased. [22], From the mid-1970s the Rhodesian government began placing advertisements seeking volunteers in the international media. [71] There were concerns that many of the volunteers were motivated more by a desire to fight in a war than a commitment to Rhodesia. The more we all know, the better organized and stronger the shooting and hunting community will be. Heres the connection. You must have JavaScript enabled in your browser to use this website. [65] Most of the volunteers served under Rhodesian officers. Its a port city in southern Mozambique where it can be hot with humidity over 80 percent. [34][62] Rhodesian recruiters told prospective Australian recruits that the cost of living was much lower in Rhodesia. [36] Neil Grant gave a lower figure in 2015, stating that over 10 per cent of the unit were foreign volunteers. One such soldier of fortune was Mike Rousseau. Software has been extensively modified by the DU administrators. Engaged in a firefight at an airport in Lourenco Marques, Rousseau encountered a guerilla fighter armed with an AK-47. Fighting at the airport at Loureno Marques (modern-day Maputo), Rousseau rounded a corner and encountered a FRELIMO guerrilla, armed with an AK-47 assault rifle, at 10 paces (~7.5 . [78], The nationalists argued in their propaganda that the Rhodesian regime's need for foreign volunteers illustrated its political and military weaknesses. This proposal was quickly dismissed as the Rhodesians did not see how they could arm or use large numbers of non-English speakers. Rhodesian Mike Rousseau was serving as a mercenary in the Mozambican War of Independence. Proper tactics can vary greatly depending on the circumstances and situation. During a fight, he bumped into a guerrilla soldier armed with an AK-47. At the time of UDI, the Rhodesian Army had a strength of over 18,400, including 15,000 reservists, the Rhodesian Air Force had a small but modern fleet of combat aircraft and the paramilitary British South Africa Police included 7,000 full time and 25,000 reserve personnel. [83] Various approaches were considered to develop legislation to ban recruitment by the Rhodesian Security Forces during the late 1970s, but none eventuated. The pelvis does not move as erratically as the head or shoulders, and should be an easier target than a bobbing and weaving head. It is vital to mix up your training, firing different numbers of shots into your targets, at different locations, because you never know if your first shot or your fifteenth is going to be the one that stops the threat. You sweat just standing still. Two American ex-Marine deserters from the Forces who robbed jewelry stores in Salisbury, while carrying stolen Uzis, were involved in a shoot-out with authorities at the South African border. As of 2021, the literature largely comprises brief discussions of the topic as part of books and academic journal articles on broader issues. [16], The Rhodesian Security Forces were considerably expanded over the war. Some years back, Col. Cooper developed what he called the Mozambique Drill for the purposes of dealing with this type of situation. and opinions expressed on this website are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the
Aaron Cowan of Sage Dynamics takes a look at the Mozambique Drill and puts his own spin on it, suggesting for arguments sake to try firing all three shots to the head instead of two to the chest and one to the head. [90] The activities of Americans in Rhodesia were widely publicised in the United States, leading to protests. [102] He also wrote the novel Crippled Eagles which was based on the experiences of American volunteers. By the early 20th century, the scramble to colonize Africa was on. It doesnt matter how fast you can pull off rounds if they dont hit your target. In a veritable ocean of blood, one otherwise trivial engagement gained lasting notoriety. While a thousand organizations use the Holocaust as a platform for speeches about tolerance, Alex Kozinski, Chief Judge, Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, Children Of Jewish Holocaust Survivors [Jews Can Shoot]. If the target continues to advance despite two well-placed shots to the torso, the shooter follows up with a more precisely aimed (and more difficult to accomplish) head shot. The bottom line: Accurate head shots are hard. [30] As a result, White has observed that the volunteers were typically more willing to fight and even die for the ideology of the Rhodesian Front party than for Rhodesia itself. They generally joined the Rhodesian Security Forces individually after seeing advertisements or after being contacted by recruiters. If youre looking for some variety in your training, one practical application of the drill is to fire the first two shots to the targets center mass (V1), then take two steps back to create distance before the third shot. Rousseau was fighting at the airport at Loureno Marques, which is now called Maputo. Portugal still maintained strong control over Mozambique. Col. Jeff Cooper - A shooting legend and the man who codified the drill. [34], American and Australian volunteers who had fought in the Vietnam War were generally well regarded by Rhodesian soldiers, and were often posted to the elite SAS and Selous Scouts. Most of its members left Rhodesia after the company was withdrawn from operations to be retrained, though some settled in Rhodesia. views and opinions of Springfield Armory. After a quick assessment of the situation, Rousseau tried for a shot to the mans central nervous system. Forums | Journals| Store [7] Fighting at the airport at Loureno Marques (modern-day Maputo), Rousseau rounded a corner and encountered an enemy combatant, armed with an AK-47 assault rifle, at 10 paces (7.5m (25ft)). However, since you wont have time to interview your attacker in the heat of the moment, the specific cause of the failure isnt important. FRELIMO was the dominant political party in Mozambique fighting for independence from Portugal. If a few hundred Jewish fighters in the Warsaw Ghetto could hold off the Wehrmacht for almost a month with only a handful of weapons, six million Jews armed with rifles could not so easily have been herded into cattle cars." [77] Rhodesia attempted to counter the "mercenary" claim by processing the volunteers through the Department of Immigration and framing them as prospective Rhodesian citizens, though few ever applied for citizenship. It may be ironic that the Mozambique Drill is a technique used with a Rhodesian mercenary, Mike Rousseau, during the Mozambican War of Independence from 1964 to 1974. [57] By the end of the war there were around 6,000 SADF personnel in Rhodesia. While engaged in fighting at the airport of Loureno Marques (modern-day Maputo), Rousseau was armed with only a Browning HP35 pistol. Britain and the United Nations Security Council imposed wide-ranging trade and other sanctions on Rhodesia with the objective of forcing it to return to its previous status. [13], Guerrilla activities began in 1966, and mainly involved small groups operating in northern Rhodesia. You can support the efforts of Jews Can Shoot that Nothing Says Never Again Like an Armed Jew. Failure in a gunfight is not an option. These organisations provided recruits for the security forces as well as private industry, including farms, mines and timber companies. the opinions of Democratic Underground, LLC. Sorry, an error occurred and we could not sign you up. "All too many of the other great tragedies of historyStalins atrocities, the killing fields of Cambodia, the Holocaust, to name but a fewwere perpetrated by armed troops against unarmed populations. Even better (although much more difficult), make the final shot as youre moving offline. Frankly, I dont know of many shooters who maintain the level of skill to pull this off consistently at 3-5 yards. At the start signal, draw your weapon and fire two shots to the chest (V1 zone), followed by one shot to the head (V2 zone). [16], Despite its need for foreign volunteers, the Rhodesian government was uncomfortable with them. [21], While most of the security forces' personnel were black, the Rhodesian government had a strong preference for whites. Manage all your favorite fandoms in one place! Mike Rousseau was a white Rhodesian mercenary engaged in combat against FRELIMO guerillas in and around the Mozambique capital of Maputo. [62] Those who failed this training had to leave the country, with their airfare home being paid by the Rhodesian government. One such soldier of fortune was Mike Rousseau. All other white military personnel, other than members of the Selous Scouts unit that had a reputation for atrocities, were given an assurance that they would not be required to leave the military. The failure to stop drill is a great drill but it is only a drill, and one of many. Mike Rousseau was friends with Colonel Jeff Cooper, a legend in the firearms training world and the founder of Gunsite Academy. A former police ofcer and serviceman with the U.S. Army, Richard A. Mann is one of the most well-respected rearms authorities writing on the subject today. Due to the sanctions against Rhodesia, these ads were generally lodged via front organisations and were vague about the country the volunteers would serve in. Africa has always offered employment opportunities to those with certain skills. There is evidence that the Departments of Justice and State tacitly encouraged Americans to volunteer for Rhodesia as part of efforts to prevent the country collapsing before a negotiated solution to the war could be finalised. The Rhodesian government attempted several strategies to address these shortages. Rousseau related the story to an acquaintance, small arms expert Jeff Cooper, founder of the Gunsite Academy shooting school, who incorporated the "Mozambique Drill" into his modern technique shooting method. [39][40][41] Sources differ on whether these men were paratroopers or members of the French Foreign Legion. Although speed is definitely one of the goals of the Mozambique Drill, it isnt nearly as important as accuracy. In 1980, two Los Angeles Police Department SWAT officers, Larry Mudgett and John Helms, attended pistol training at Gunsite and received permission from Cooper to teach the technique to the LAPD, and to rename it the Failure Drill (concerned that "Mozambique" might have racist overtones). | Discussion ), Shoulder Holster: 8 Pro Up-Top Carry Options (2023). [7] The party believed that Rhodesia needed to take a stand against the perceived communist threat to protect western civilisation in Africa. [23] Other volunteers were posted to a range of units, including protection companies mainly made up of black soldiers and the largely white Grey's Scouts and Rhodesian Armoured Corps. |-- Political Videos Mike Rousseau was a white Rhodesian mercenary engaged in combat against FRELIMO guerillas in and around the Mozambique capital of Maputo. opinions of the individuals who post them, and do not necessarily represent Rhodesian Mike Rousseau was serving as a mercenary in the Mozambican War of Independence. [62][76], The nationalist groups that were fighting the Rhodesian regime and many progressive groups worldwide considered the volunteers to be mercenaries. However, in a dynamic situation, the fraction of a second it takes to assess the threat could put your life in danger. Thats why practicing the Mozambique Drill is so important. Rhodesian Mike Rousseau was serving as a mercenary in the Mozambican War of Independence. The Rhodesian government actively recruited white personnel from other countries from the mid-1970s to address manpower shortages in the Rhodesian Security Forces during the Rhodesian Bush War. [44] The Rhodesian military rarely discussed the foreign volunteers with journalists. [82] British citizens were prohibited from joining the Rhodesian Security Forces under the terms of an embargo enacted in 1968, with those who did so potentially facing fines or imprisonment. Today, most instructors teach their students to hold the pistol on target after the first two shots. In 2021 White wrote that the numbers of foreign volunteers may have been small, and the ex-Rhodesian generals she had interviewed "scoffed at me when I asked if there were fifteen hundred foreigners in the Rhodesian Army". If any of your three shots land outside the V zones, you have failed the drill. [1] From 1962 its government was led by the Rhodesian Front political party. He also noted that the party drew on the ideas and language used by the contemporary radical right movement in the United States to justify UDI. [38], Most of the foreigners who volunteered to fight for Rhodesia did so individually. Silveira v Lockyer, (9th Cir. Of course, we have to be careful of adhering to dogma, no matter where it comes from. Jeff Cooper created The Modern Technique of the Pistol and the Combat Mindset. Center mass is easier to hit quickly, and in most cases will effectively stop a threat. | Donate, AboutDU The Mozambique drill is performed for both accuracy and time. [23], The expansion of the security forces, increasing battle casualties and a decline in the white population due to high rates of emigration led to serious shortages of white personnel that greatly hindered the Rhodesian war effort. Until the early 1970s the Rhodesian Security Forces had little difficulty in defeating the guerrillas. [56] The desertion rate among foreigners serving in the SAS was particularly high. Those who did so received amnesties as part of the British government measures associated to end of the conflict. Successful applicants were then offered a rank in the security forces. Most of the mercenary soldiers carried FN FAL or HK G3 rifles. [4] UDI was illegal under British law, and was regarded as such by almost all other countries and the United Nations. Those who were considered potentially suitable were sent information packs, and asked to supply documentation to support their application; preference was given to applicants who provided notarized documents in their response. The volunteers were often labelled as mercenaries by opponents of the Rhodesian regime, though the Rhodesian government did not regard or pay them as such. Get 12 Issues a year of the country's best firearms writing. aka Failure Drill. [26][34] Other volunteers were expected to pay their own way. board, visitors agree to abide by the rules outlined on our Rules |-- Latest Breaking News [105], Modern white supremacist and far-right groups continue to provide a positive portrayal of white rule in Rhodesia. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. John McVicar Malloch ICD, was a South African-born Rhodesian bush pilot, gun-runner and sanctions-buster who flew in World War II and in various legal and illegal roles around Africa and the Middle East until the early 1980s. [104], Few works by historians have been published on the volunteers who served with the Rhodesian Security Forces. A proposal by the mercenary Mike Hoare to establish an international brigade modelled on the French Foreign Legion was also rejected. When a double-tap to the chest failed to stop the aggressor, a third shot to the head ended the threat and created the Mozambique Drill. People have an annoying habit of wanting to move around when you are shooting at them. According to anecdotal history, the technique originated with a Rhodesian mercenary, Mike Rousseau, engaged in the Mozambican War of Independence (1964-1974). Rousseau hit the target on either side of the sternum, usually enough to incapacitate or kill a target outright. [25] Rhodesian recruitment leaflets were also circulated within British Army barracks that year. Rounding a corner Rousseau found himself unexpectedly face to face with a FRELIMO guerilla armed with an AK47 at a range of about ten paces. An accurate shot to the T-zone (the area between the eyebrows and upper lip, also called the ocular cavity) damages the brain and central nervous system and secures instant incapacitation of the target. Shots to the chest can also slow an attackers advance, even if they dont completely incapacitate him. Originally, it was called the Mozambique Drill, but the more current name is Failure Drill. FRELIMO was the dominant political party in Mozambique fighting for independence from Portugal. The Mozambique Drill, which is also known as the Failure Drill, Failure to Stop drill, the "Djibouti Shooty", or, informally, "two to the chest, one to the head," is a close-quarters shooting technique that supposedly originated with a Rhodesian mercenary, Mike Rousseau, in the Mozambican War of Independence, hence the name. This is a drill created during the Mozambique War of Independence, when a Rhodesian Mercenary (Mike Rousseau) had an up-close encounter with an opponent wielding an AK-47. What the drill emphasizes is shot placement and the ability of the defender to end the deadly encounter quickly. [92] Many of the Americans wrongly believed that their government opposed their presence in Rhodesia, with articles in Soldier of Fortune and works by the author Robin Moore also claiming this. [31] The ads and other coverage of Rhodesia in Soldier of Fortune led to a "steady stream of volunteers". [87] The historian Hugh Patterson noted that the relatively small numbers of volunteers from the UK indicates that "however vocal the support for Rhodesia by some on the political right, very few men were actually willing to put their futures on the line for the Smith [Rhodesian prime minister Ian Smith] regime". Felons can be high on adrenalin or drugs to the point that they do not recognize or respond to pain. The Mozambique drill was made famous by Jeff Cooper after learning about this incident. in 1978, he was the final recipient of the Rhodesian civil Independence Commemorative Decoration for services rendered to the country. |-- Places List of battleships of the United States Navy, List of aircraft of the Malaysian Armed Forces, http://practicalfirearmstraining.com/reading/HandgunDrillsPDF.pdf, Handgun Wounding Factors and Effectiveness, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, USMC manual CMC-37R of 8 Feb 2006: METHOD OF TARGET ENGAGEMENTS. [61] These pay rates were lower than those in some other armies; for instance, they were around half the levels in the United States Army and between 50 and 60 per cent of the Australian Army's pay scale. here to send us a message. [72], The Rhodesian Army regarded the volunteers as disloyal and undisciplined. In the 1980s, the Los Angeles Police Department began teaching the drill but renamed it the more politically correct Failure Drill. Most of the other volunteers were from the United States, Australia, New Zealand and Europe. Thank you for your support. Flat nose bullets and hollow points were not in widespread use, so those FMJs from Rousseaus HP35 must have passed right through the fighter. 2001 - 2011 Democratic Underground, The Guardian reported in 1979 that "his presence is a source of embarrassment to the regime which has always insisted that it does not want foreign mercenaries". He was fighting in the Mozambican War of Independence 1964-1974. His third shot was low, taking out the fighters neck and spinal cord. [23] In 1979, the military historian John Keegan noted that foreigners made up between a quarter and a third of the strength of the RLI. Rhodesian officers also sought to use their networks in other militaries to attract volunteers. Rousseau was fighting at the airport at Loureno Marques, which is now called Maputo. [43] The academic Luise White has written that they were commonly opposed to the establishment of governments run by black people and did not have any particular commitment to Rhodesia itself. [75] The Rhodesian Army only learnt of Lamb's history after his death during an operation in 1976. Southern Rhodesia was a self-governing British colony located in southern Africa whose economy and government was dominated by the small white minority of its population. [89] This law can only be enforced within the United States, meaning that American citizens who enlisted to fight for Rhodesia while overseas could not be prosecuted. Taken aback by the failure of his double tap to stop the threat, Rousseau took a moment, leveled his pistol at the charging mans face, and fired a third round. You may have also heard it called the Failure To Stop Drill. [36] In 1976 some current and former British soldiers were sent unsolicited leaflets that encouraged them to enlist in the Rhodesian Army and explained its conditions of service. 2003) (Kozinski, J. [40] They were recruited by the Rhodesian Central Intelligence Organisation (CIO) from a French military base in Djibouti. Setup: 1x USPSA Silhouette Target: Two to the body, one to the head, is guaranteed to leave them dead.. The latest content straight to your inbox plus an automatic entry to each of our monthly gungiveaways! He offered Rhodesia the services of these men after they completed training, though he intended to eventually use them to retake Albania. [84] The FCO advised anyone who sought information about fighting for Rhodesia that doing so was illegal, but did not explain why. LLC. It kind of worked. Springfield Armory recommends you seek qualified and competent training from a
The Mozambique drill, originally developed by a Rhodesian mercenary, MIke Rousseau, is a standard practice drill for self defense. While a thousand organizations use the Holocaust as a platform for speeches about tolerance, Children Of Jewish Holocaust Survivors [Jews Can Shoot] is conducting firearms training Freedom is not defended with empty idealism easily perverted into appeasement of evil, but with the force of arms.. [60] The volunteers also received the same pay as white Rhodesians,[43] between $US 4,000 and $US 7,000 annually. [81], The British government was opposed to its citizens fighting for Rhodesia. Silveira v. Lockyer, 2003. [51] As a result, there are a range of estimates of the numbers of foreigners who travelled to Rhodesia to serve with the security forces: British citizens made up the majority of the foreign volunteers who served with the Rhodesian Security Forces. |-- General Discussion: Presidency Body armor, extra thick clothing, psychoactive drugs, or even a massive adrenaline dump are all reasons those first two shots may not be effective on your target. That was in the 1400s and 1500s when Portugal set up trading settlements that evolved into colonies. Although in most situations, the two perfectly placed shots to the chest should disable an attacker, there are several reasons they could fail. Home Portugal had ruled Mozambique for four hundred years, had subsequent deep roots in the country, and was not leaving without a fight. Come join the discussion about optics, gunsmithing, styles, reviews, accessories, classifieds, and more! The academics Jacob Ware and John Campbell stated in 2022 that people from more than fifteen countries had volunteered to fight for Rhodesia, including "several hundred" Americans. [8] The historian Donal Lowry has endorsed Evans' views, noting also that "the Rhodesia Front sought to combine the notion that Rhodesia embodied the best of true Britishness, the notion that white Rhodesians were the sort of people who once made the Great" of Britain, while turning to America as the only remaining champion of the Free World. [40], Foreign volunteers for the Rhodesian Security Forces were generally motivated by personal political and ideological beliefs or a desire for adventure. We must protect our Second Amendment and we must spread the word that Jews support the right to bear arms. [15], Foreigners with far right beliefs were often sympathetic to the Rhodesian cause during the war. All rights reserved. Portugal had ruled Mozambique for . articles and videos are considered to be suggestions and not recommendations from Springfield Armory. If you start slinging your lead outside of the V1 or V2 zones, slow it down. During the Mozambique War of Independence (1964-1974) mercenary Mike Rousseau was fighting at the airport in Moputo. Rousseau later related the story to an acquaintance, Jeff Cooper, who incorporated the "triple tap" or "Mozambique Drill" into his practical shooting technique.
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